Magma and mineralization controles of Zavarian (Salafchegan) epithermal Au (Cu) in comparison with Sari-Gunay epitermal Au (Qorveh) deposit

Authors

  • Ghalmaghash,
  • Hasanzadeh,,
  • Heidari,
  • Mohebi,
Abstract:

Zavarian epitermal gold (copper) deposit is located in an intracontinental volcanic cone (stratovolcano) with the Early Miocene age, in the middle of the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic arc. The host rocks of this mineralization include a set of basaltic, andesitic-basaltic, andesitic, dacitic, as well as granodiorite and tonal units that have been exposed in volcanic form (lava and pyroclastic) and semi-deep massifs. These Zavarian gold (copper) deposit is located in the middle of Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic arc, in a volcanic cone with andesite-basalt, andesitic units and granodiorite massifs. This complex has the nature of calc-alkaline and the pattern of changes in rare earth elements (LREE enrichment, LILE relative to HREE, HSFE, negative anomalies of Ti, Nb and low Nb /Y values) of arc-associated magmas. Structural studies point to the key role of right-wing shear zones as controlling sedimentary basins and creating the necessary conditions for local tensions and magma outflows. Dispersion and type of hydrothermal alterations, mineralized veins within intrusions and the presence of magnetite, tourmaline and chalcopyrite show the role of magmatic fluids in mineralization. These fluids have a homogenization temperature between 220° to 350° C and a salinity of 10-15% by weight of salt. Comparison of this mineralization with Sari Gunay deposit in the northwest of Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, the Miocene magmatic phases are related to the formation of shear zones and local tension in post-collision orogenic phases, which increases with the role of fluids. Atmosphere and mixing are associated with magmatic fluids.

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Journal title

volume 29  issue 4

pages  759- 778

publication date 2021-12

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